INSTRUMENTS

PIEZOMETERS

A piezometer is a system for measuring pore water pressure or piezometric level in the field. Examples are open standpipe piezometers, open and closed diaphragm piezometers and pneumatic piezometers. 

A piezometer consists of a measuring device, a reservoir (normally filled with water), a porous filter and a medium (e.g. sand or grout) used to connect the water in the reservoir and the porous filter to the water in the ground.

For the piezometer system to function correctly it is essential that all parts of the system remain fully saturated at all times. If air is present in the system it must be removed or the piezometer is likely to give erroneous readings. 

INCLINOMETERS

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EXTENSOMETERS

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